The right choice for safe and eco-friendly vehicles
Built on POSCO¡¯s GIGA STEEL and electric steel sheets as well as POSCO Chemical¡¯s
cathodes and anodes, we provide solutions for safer and lighter automobiles.
In a motor vehicle, the battery stores electricity in the form of a chemical reaction and converts the reaction back to electricity. An electric vehicle battery typically consists of a cell, a module and a pack. Multiple battery cells constitute a module, and multiple modules constitute a pack. An electric vehicle contains one such pack.
A basic cell is the lowest unit that constitutes a battery consisting of a cathode, an anode, electrolyte and a separator. POSCO¡¯s positive and negative active materials are used for this application.The positive active material is used for the cathode of a battery, and the most important element of the material is lithium. POSCO ESM has been offering PG-NCM, the most stable positive active material in the world, since 2017.
The negative active material stores lithium from the positive active material and then discharges it to generate electricity. Graphite is the most extensively used negative active material thanks to its ability to ensure a stable structure throughout repeated charging and discharging. As of 2018, POSCO Chemtech is the only producer of negative active material in engea.
A battery module contains a bundle of cells in a frame to protect them from external impact, heat or vibration. It is another common application for POSCO¡¯s stainless steel. With a high melting point, the stainless steel used for module cases can prevent the potential of the battery¡¯s explosion. It is also highly resistant to corrosion, defying rust.
Aluminum (3000 series) | Stainless steel (STS304 3/4H) | |
---|---|---|
Lightweight | 3.2kg (12EA cell) ¡æ 0.27 kg/cell | 1.32kg (12EA cell) ¡æ 0.11 kg/cell |
Melting point | About 660¡É | About 1450¡É |
Grade of strength | Material that withstands 20kg in area of ??1mm2 | Material that withstands 100kg in area of ??1mm2 |
Weldability | Low | Excellent |
POSCO high-strength steel and GIGA steel are applied to various modules equipped with various control and protection systems. ¡®GIGA steel¡¯ is the steel sheet capable of withstanding more than 100kg per its area of 1mm2 without rupture. The load corresponds to 10t exerted on a cross section of penny size. GIGA steel is applied for protecting the battery cell during the car accident. Also, the mileage of the electric car is able to be enhanced by reducing the battery pack weight, through applying GIGA steel.
A battery consists of a cathode, anode, electrolyte and separator. First of all, the cathode and the anode are where the electrons are, and the electrolyte is a media through which electrons move. The separator isolates the cathode from the anode. When the battery is connected to a power source, electrons start to move from the anode to the cathode. This process is called charging. When the two poles are connected for power use, the electrons start to move back from the cathode to the anode. This process is called discharging.
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